Spray A

Injector 210370

DateLocationNotes
10/2011SandiaNozzle 370 mounted to 210676 injector body after failure of nozzle 676. Nozzle has been used for past fuel studies. See SAE 2012-01-0678. Nozzle has also been characterized using x-ray tomography at Caterpillar and nanolab.
11/2011SandiaHydraulic characterization, liquid-length.
02/2012 - 05/2012SandiaHigh-speed long distance microscopy. Flow rate has dropped some compared to 2011 measurements and spray looks slightly tilted up now compared to before.
10/2012 - 8/2014SandiaLift-off, liquid, and soot characterization using diffused back illumination. Measurements with different blends of oxygenated fuels, including TPGME and methyl decanoate. Ducted combustion.
3/2015 - presentSandiaHigh-speed velocity (PIV) and Rayleigh scattering.

Injector 210675

DateLocationNotes
09/2009 - 01/2011CMTHydraulic characterization, cold vessel LIF and hot flow vessel lift-off.
04/2011ArgonneX-ray radiography, phase-constrast for geometry and needle motion.
05/2011SandiaOptical microscopy, diffused back-illumination, micro-visualization, hydraulic characterization, liquid-length.
05/2011 - 10/2012CMTHydraulic characterization, diffused back-illumination, vapor penetration, micro-visualization.
03/2013ArgonneX-ray radiography and phase contrast imaging.
06/2013CNRS X-ray tomography performed using xradia versa machine by Ali Chirazi.
07/2013CMTDiscovered that nozzle had been disassembled at CNRS, and a piece to spring assembly was missing.
12/2013ESRFX-ray tomography.
12/2013CMTWill perform ROI to determine if flow rate drifted after dissassembly.

Injector 210677

DateLocationNotes
08/2009 - 09/2010SandiaROI, Rayleigh, Mie, schlieren, lift-off, chemi-luminescence.
09/2010 - 12/2010CATMomentum, lift-off, Schlieren, Mie visualization, X-ray tomography.
01/2011 - 03/2011SandiaLiquid-length, vapor penetration.
07/2011 - 08/2011ArgonneX-ray needle lift, geometry, and radiography.
10/2011 - 11/2011SandiaHydraulic characterization, liquid-length with diffused back-illumination.
12/2011 - 05/2012CMTHydraulic characterization, diffused back-illumination.
06/2012 - 07/2012IFPenPIV measurements, plugged.
08/2012 - 09/2012TU/eUnplugging of the nozzle unsuccessful.
10/2012SandiaReverse pressure unplugs nozzle. Flow rate still lower, like that measured at CMT.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
12/2012SandiaNozzle sent to Sandia. Injector body sent from Eindhoven, but there is a missing shim. Optical microscopy performed on nozzle exit.
03/2013ChalmersBallistic imaging. Chalmers replaces missing shim and verifies reasonable operation.
07/2014ChalmersInjector now not working correctly. Hole is apparently plugged and not responding to solenoid activation.
08/2014SandiaReturned to Sandia. Disassembled nozzle and found that injector body is missing shim. It is not functional.

Injector 210678

DateLocationNotes
09/2010 - 12/2010CATLift-off, Schlieren, Mie visualization, X-ray tomography, rate of momentum.
04/2011SandiaOptical microscopy.
07/2011 - 08/2011ArgonneX-ray needle lift, geometry, and radiography.
09/2011 - 11/2011SandiaHydraulic characterization, liquid-length.
12/2011 - 05/2012CMTSpray penetration.
06/2012 - 09/2012IFPENPIV measurements. LII/LEM measurements.
10/2012CMT Mass roi and rom measurements at CMT show lower flow rate. Rust and oxidation noticed on injector. Flow rate is lower
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography at ESRF. Serious pitting inside nozzle and sac.
12/2012IFPENSent to IFPEN

Injector 210679

DateLocationNotes
10/2010 - 12/2010CATX-ray tomography.
01/2011 - 08/2011Argonne X-ray radiography, phase-contrast geometry and needle motion.
09/2011 - 11/2011SandiaHydraulic characterization, liquid-length.
04/2012 - 06/2012TU/e Liquid length with diffused back-illumination, spray penetration, flame lift-off length, ignition delay (pressure and light based).
06/2012 - 09/2012AachenSpray A measurements after vessel characterization.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
05/2013AachenMass flow measurements.
05/2013 - 06/2013IFPENIFPEN for comparative measurements of mass flow.
07/2013EindhovenSEM imaging of the nozzle hole.
08/2013EindhovenEindhoven to IFPEN.
10/2013ArgonneSmall angle x-ray scattering for droplet size (Argonne reports that solenoid was partially melted as received). IFPEN confirms that solenoid was melted. Damage occurred at Aachen.
12/2013SandiaCondition is questionable.
1/2015GA-TechInjector leaking. Disassembled and needle given ultrasonic bath. Will re-assemble and test again for leak.

Injector 678_603-01

DateLocationNotes
12/2014SandiaMicroscopy was performed. A new nozzle (603-01) is installed on the old injector body 678.
01/2015Michigan TechROI measurements by force sensor and long-tube. Liquid and vapor penetration (MIE, DBI, schlieren) for long (6-ms), short (0.5-ms), and double (0.5/0.5 dwell/0.5 ms) injections. Ignition delay, lift-off length, and soot measurements (LII) for Spray A (long 6-ms injection). Ignition delay (pressure and luminosity), 355-nm PLIF (CH2O), for double injection (0.5/0.5 dwell/0.5 ms).

Injector 375020

DateLocationNotes
12/2014SandiaMicroscopy was performed. For the Sandia design, we had to design a new sleeve for the injector cooler as well as a new clamp because the distance between the flats is slightly larger than the previous Spray A body.
01/2015Michigan TechMTU will need new clamp for larger flat spacing on "new" Spray A body. Used injector for design of mounting pieces, then shipped to Argonne.
02/2015ArgonneUsing for velocity measurement campaign using phase-contrast imaging.
04/2015Michigan TechRate of momentum tests (for ROI) completed by force sensor for 1500 bar 0.5/0.5/0.5, 0.3/0.5/1.2 and 6 ms n-Dodecane injections
05/2015Michigan TechSchlieren for non-reacting vaporizing sprays for split injection cases with T parametric variation
15% O2, 900 K, 22.8 kg/m3 ambient reacting tests using Mie scatter and OH* chemiluminescence for 6 ms long injection
Simultaneous measurements of Schlieren, Luminosity, PAH/CH2O PLIF imaging for split injection cases with T parametric variation
-SandiaShipped back to Sandia
04/2016SandiaDucted fuel injection experiments. Related paper
05/2016SandiaUsed for DFI-2 at Sandia

Injector 102-01

DateLocationNotes
2013IFPENUsed in water-rich environment for initial spray characterization.
02/2014TUeOH and 355-nm LIF datasets at Spray A conditions
11/2014SandiaObtained microscopic photos of nozzle. Measures 90 um, but is not round. Looks like some oxidation has occurred.
01/2015GA-TechRate of momentum. Schlieren with modulated end-of-injection rates at Spray A condition with T and O2 parametric variation. Liquid extinction of Spray A with parametric T variation. (complete approx. May-June 2015)
11/2016SNL102-01 needle/nozzle removed from old Spray A body. Sent to DK Milovik to be adapted to work with Spray C/D non-leaking injector bodies. See notes for Injector 0785-102-01.

Injector 375447

DateLocationNotes
01/2015GA-TechRate of momentum.
2014SNLBosch Injector Body (Renault) 8ZI68IB coupled with nozzle 306-04 and named 375447. Makes sense, right?
01/2015GA-TechRate of momentum.
10/2015GM R&DSoot DBI measurements in Scott Parrish's constant pressure vessel. Noted strange behavior wrt hydraulic delay. Started out normal with ~360 us delay, but delay increased to 440 us toward the end of the schlieren experiments. 440 us was also observed during the soot DBI tests.
12/20/2016SNLNozzle 603-04 removed from Renault body 8ZI68IB. Needle modified by DK Milovic to work with Spray C/D production injector body 0766. See history for injector "0766-603-04"

Injector 0766-603-04

DateLocationNotes
12/20/2016SNL603-04 needle modified by DK Milovic. Removed 1.5 mm from flat surface on back side of needle for use with Spray C/D injector bodies.
12/22/2016SNLNozzle/needle 603-04 mounted to production C/D body 0766 and installed in SNL CV. Began n-dodecane sootdbi, high-speed OH*, and natural luminosity experiments.
12/22/2016SNLmass measurements
25A/15A 450us/2050us
11.3 mg/injection

Injector 0785-102-01

DateLocationNotes
11/2016SNLNozzle/Needle 102-01 removed from Spray A injectory body XXXX. Sent to DK Milovic to be adapted for use with Spray C/D bodies. Specifically, 1.5 mm removed from flat back side by EDM and polishing.
11/2016SNLNozzle 102-01 mounted on C/D Production injector 0785 and installed in SNL CV. Sootdbi, OH*, and LUM tests indicate that orifice yields less fuel than n370 nozzle. Mass measurements confirmed. ~9.77 mg/injection for 102-01 with electronic commands of 450 ramp, 2050 hold. n370 yields about 11 mg/inj.
12/2016SNLsootdbi, high-speed OH*, natural luminosity

Injector 306-12

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEnReference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 80 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"

Injector 306-14

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
2020P' - Pointers

Injector 306-15

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 150 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
June to December 2015IFPEn"Soot Formation / ignition characterization: SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI + Soot TEM sampling
Test Bench: Constant volume pre-burn vessel #2 at IFPEn. Total 3000 Pre comb event.
Fuel Used:
n-dodecane
Gasoil TAE 8500
Jet A
surrogates (n-decane + n-propylbenzene + iso-octane)
Gasoline (SMV#7500 +1000ppm de OLI9000)"

Injector 306-16

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
Since October 2015Prisme - Orléans"Standardization tests: VP + DBI + etc
Test Bench: RCEM concept
Fuel Used: n-Dodecane"
2020Retired from serviceRetired from service

Injector 306-17

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
Since October 2015CORIA - Ruen"Standardization tests: VP + DBI + etc
Test Bench: Constant Flow
Fuel Used: n-Dodecane"

Injector 306-19

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
2020Prisme - Orleans

Injector 306-20

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"

Injector 306-21

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
2020 Retired from serviceRetired from service

Injector 306-22

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"
Since November 2015IFPEn"Laser Assisted Ignition + Formaldehide LIF etc
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #1 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2)
Fuel Used: n-dodecane"

Injector 306-23

DateLocationNotes
6/19/2013Bosch FactoriesDate of Birth
July 2013Tu/eSEM imaging of the nozzle. Eindhoven.
May to June 2015IFPEn"Reference tests - SEM + MFR + LL + VP + LoL + ID + 2D-DBI.
Test Bench: Constant Volume Vessel #2 at IFPEn. (new pre-comb mixture Acetylene + H2). Total 50 Pre comb event.
Fuel used: n-dodecane"

Spray A3

Injector 02C08025

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Sandia59.3 ml/min; 0.0949338449315585 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08026

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Sandia59.8 ml/min; 0.0974932009468076 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08027

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Sandia60 ml/min; 0.094087796332934 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08028

DateLocationNotes
5/2021 - 7/2021ErlangenInert Schlieren + Mie-scattering
9/2021 - 10/2021ErlangenOH* - chemiluminescence + visible soot signal
4/2022ErlangenCombustion Schlieren
6/2022ErlangenIncluding circuit box; No longer working; 59.8 ml/min; 0.0974804424972791 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08029

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Sandia59.8 ml/min; 0.0966190656209834 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08030

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Sandia60.9 ml/min; 0.0974406843109343 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08031

DateLocationNotes
6/2022SandiaHyung Sub Sim Studies; 60.1 ml/min; 0.0938113087848485 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]

Injector 02C08032

DateLocationNotes
6/2022Erlangen60 ml/min; 0.0955188408697422 measured diameter optical microscopy [mm]; Formaldehyde-LIF + IR Measurements

Spray B

Injector 211196

DateLocationNotes
11/2011 - 12/2011SandiaLift-off an liquid-length.
08/2012KAISTInjection rate, liquid/vapor penetration and ignition delay/lift-off length measurements.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
02/2013CMTRoi and Rom.
04/2013Argonne-
05/2013 - 02/2014KAISTWill perform standard Spray A diagnostics.
02/2014ArgonnePhase Constrast Imaging. Nozzle shows severe signs of rust; radiography was not attempted.
02/2014KAISTROI and spray imaging performed. Shows greatly reduced flow rate.
01/2015SandiaReturned to Sandia. Injector no longer in spec.

Injector 211198

DateLocationNotes
12/2011 - 10/2012CMTLiquid length and lift-off length measurements.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
02/2013CMTRoi and Rom
06/2013Mich. Tech Standard Spray A diagnostics with visit from Alessandro Montanaro of Istituto Motori CNR
10/2013Istituto Motori CNRRate of injection and rate of momentum.
02/2014ArgonnePhase Constrast Imaging, radiography. Hole 3 appears plugged in radiography measurements.
03/2014MTUTry to unplug nozzle and perform spray experiments.
12/2014MTUROM measurements now show that hole 3 momentum is similar to other holes, and similar to CMT measurements.
06/2015GA TechRate-of-momentum (with mass collection) under atmospheric back-pressure.

Injector 211199

DateLocationNotes
11/2011 - 12/2011SandiaLift-off and liquid-length.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
02/2013CMTRoi and Rom.
04/2013 - 07/2013ArgonnePhase contrast imaging and radiography??
07/2013SandiaStandard Spray A diagnostics. Long distance microscopy.
11/2013-X-ray Radiography
01/2014SandiaUsed for "dribble" and combustion studies in Sandia optical engine
05/2014 - 06/2014SandiaMie, Schlieren, OH* Chemi-luminescence, Broadband chemi-luminescence
10/09/2014 - 10/11/2014ArgonneLuminescence
10/21/2014 - 10/23/2014SandiaVolume LIF
10/28/2014 - 10/31/2014Argonnex-ray tomography
11/01/2014SandiaVolume LIF
12/2014 - presentKAISTMie, Schlieren, OH* Chemiluminescence, Broadband chemiluminescence, in engine.

Injector 211200

DateLocationNotes
09/2009 - 07/2011CMTHydraulic characterization.
07/2011 - 08/2011ArgonneX-ray needle lift by phase-contrast radiography.
11/2011 - 12/2011SandiaLift-off, liquid-length, optical microscopy.
01/2012 - 10/2012CMTLiquid length and lift-off length measurements.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
02/2013CMTRoi and Rom.
04/2013Argonne-
05/2013CMT-
02/2014ArgonnePhase Contrast Imaging (needle lift) and radiography.
06/2014CMTSpA std
06/2015GA TechLiquid extinction measurements, rate-of-momentum (with mass collection), mie-scatter, schlieren, 310 nm + <600 nm chemiluminescence, laser soot extinction, and spectra.
03/2018AachenLiquid extinction measurements, rate-of-momentum (with mass collection), mie-scatter, schlieren, 310 nm + <600 nm chemiluminescence, laser soot extinction, and spectra.
03/2021CMTJM Garcia reports that it is at CMT

Injector 211201

DateLocationNotes
10/2012 - 12/2010CATX-ray tomography.
01/2011 - 05/2011ArgonneX-ray radiography, phase-contrast needle motion.
06/2011SandiaOptical microscopy.
07/2011 - 10/2011ArgonneX-ray radiography.
11/2011 - 12/2011SandiaLift-off and liquid-length.
02/2012 - 09/2012GA-TechHydraulic measurements.
11/2012ESRFX-ray tomography.
02/2013CMTRoi and Rom.
04/2013Argonne-
05/2013Sandia-
11/2013ArgonneX-ray radiography.
02/2014ArgonnePhase Contrast Imaging (needle lift) and radiography at Spray A and parametric variation conditions.
03/2014SandiaSpray A standard diagnostics, LDM.

Injector TCInj

DateLocationNotes
09/2010SandiaConstructed by Dave Cicone, dcicone@sandia.gov.
10/2010 - 12/2010CATMeasurements in the hot spray facility with new cooling/ceramic insulation system, tip temperatures slightly above 100 degrees C.
01//2011 - 02/2011Sandia Added thermal paste to injector sac. Measured Spray A cooldown and found about a 30 K heatup.
02/2011 - 04/2011EindhovenMeasurements in preburn vessel.
04/2011 - 07/2011CMTMeasurements in constant flow vessel with study of influence of liquid coolant on tip temperature and spray vaporization and combustion.
07/2013GA-Tech-
07/2013 - 09/2013MTUMeasurements in constant volume vessel with study of influence of liquid coolant and preburn procedure on tip temperature.
09/2013GA-TechReturned to GA-tech.

Spray C

Injector 210003

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
January 2017IFPENPerformed standard measurements (Vapor phase, Liquid phase, High speed OH* and DBI) + tracer LIF (using di-fluorbenzene as a tracer)
2018IFPENinjector reported as not working

Injector 210034

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
September 2014Sandia
December 2017IFPENSoot Experiments

Injector 210037

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
July 2014North Star ImagingCommercial x-ray tomography
August 2014CMTROI and ROM experiments
September 2016CaterpillarSoot experiments in heated flow chamber.
November 2017ArgonneFour days of USAXS measurements using n-dodecane in Dec 2017.
August 2018CaterpillarDelivered from Argonne to Russ Fitzgerald at Caterpillar.
October 2018ArgonneOne week of cavitation tomography using n-dodecane in December 2018.
March 2019ArgonneCavitation imaging studies using pure n-dodecane.
July 2019SandiaHigh-Speed formaldehyde PLIF.

Injector 210044

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
January 2017IFPENSoot experiments

Injector 210105

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
Mar 2015Georgia TechExtinction experiments conducted by Hussain Zaheer

Spray D

Injector 209103

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
2017CMTExperiments in heated spray chamber, noticed coking at nozzle
2021CMTReported failure of injector

Injector 209104

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
September 2014Sandia
December 2017IFPENSoot

Injector 209133

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
Mar 2015Georgia TechROI experiments and extinction experiments
2016ArgonneNozzle geometry by computed tomography
2017ArgonneRadiography and USAXS

Injector 209134

DateLocationNotes
June 2014North Star Imagingcommercial x-ray tomography
July 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
Aug 2014CMTROI and ROM experiments
September 2016CaterpillarSoot experiments in heated flow chamber
November 2017ArgonneSpray tomography
January 2018SandiaPyrolysis
February 2018ArgonneSpray tomography
July 2019SandiaHigh-Speed formaldehyde PLIF

Injector 209135

DateLocationNotes
June 2014SandiaOptical microscopy of the nozzle orifice performed
June 2014CMTROI experiments
2016IFPENSoot and lift-off experiments--see Maes ATE 2020
2020CMTNote from Jose M Garcia-Oliver: still working but flow rate may have changed

Chicken Foot

Injector 1

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 2

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 4

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 12

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 16

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 18

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Injector 19

DateLocationNotes
6/2022--

Gasoline Injector Location
Gasoline Injector History