The Bosch HDEV4 is a piezo-actuated, outward-opening gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector that has been adopted by the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) as the first standard hardware for collaborative hydrogen jet research. This injector represents a commercially available, off-the-shelf solution (Bosch part number 0261500804). Some basic characteristics are:hdev4 injector

  • The HDEV4 employs piezoelectric actuation. The ECN current standard for actuation/driver control is 160 V.
  • Hydrogen flow rates of approximately 2 g/s are possible at 160 bar (16 MPa) nominal pressure, but less than 1 g/s at 35 bar and lower.
  • The HDEV4 injector demonstrates compatibility with hydrogen fuel without lubrication, though it was originally designed for gasoline applications.

The HDEV4 internal geometry and recommended operating conditions are described in this section.