Low-Temperature Combustion (LTC): Modulated Kinetics (MK – late injection)
•Low engine-out PM and NOx emissions, high CO and HC emissions
•Less wall wetting than PCI, lower efficiency (combustion phasing), limited to lower loads
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Fuel | n-heptane |
| Intake | 13% O2 (EGR) |
| Load | 4 bar IMEP |
| Intake T | 50°C |
| Intake P | 2 bar |
| SOI | 3° ATDC |
| Speed | 1200 rpm |
| Engine rc | 10.75 |
| Window | 100 mm diam |
| Framing | 7200 fps |
| Effective Camera Gain | 500 |
| Filter | 500 nm SWP |